Paradigm of theoretical preparation in sports

Abstract

Focusing on the results of the scientific base and the practice of sports, we have developed the concept of theoretical preparation in sport. It is consists of four hierarchical components: the preconditions level (athletes preparation system, pedagogical and training process guidelines), the basis level (theoretical preparation system, athletes preparation sections and stages of the long-term sports improvement), the implementation level (principles, tasks, functions, implementation provisions, methods, means, forms, implementation conditions, control and implementation and determining elements: separate athletes preparation sections and specified longterm training stages); the result level (cognitive, methodological, psychological, communicative and integral components). Based on the main principles of the concept, a theoretical preparation program in sport was developed and experimentally tested. Upon completion of experimental researches, was recorded an increase in the level of theoretical preparedness of athletes at the stage of the elementary training as a result of the use of a differentiated program developed on the basis of structurally significant units of the "Humanistic and socializing knowledge" section and game and competitive methods application (1.1-2.2 points, 56.1-69.6% at p <0.01). At the stages of preparation for higher achievements and maximum realization of individual opportunities as a result of the use of the differentiated program by means of information search and self-education, the level of theoretical preparedness of the participants in the experiment also increased (14.86-64.00%, p≤0,05). The substantiation of the organizational and methodological foundations of theoretical preparation in sports provides a qualitative construction of the system of athletes training in general. At the same time, the combination of knowledge about the social, cultural and biological unity of a person determines the importance of theoretical preparation as a component of improving the athletic skill and factor of socialization of the athlete.