Determinants of the functional state of sportsmen using heart rate variability measurements in tests with controlled respiration

Abstract

According to the results of the study of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation system of 104 qualified athletes aged 20.6±0.9 using spiroarteriocardiorhythmograph (SACR), which included short-term registrations at spontaneous respiration (SR) and controlled respiration 6 (CR6) and 15 times per minute (CR15), an evaluation system of heart rate variability indicators and its reactivity were developed. The elaborated system includes the determination of the individual ranges of HRV indicators, taking into account the criteria of the percentile distribution at spontaneous and controlled respiration, and allows to define HRV indicators as norm, moderate and expressed decrease and increase. Based on received individual ranges, “ranges of changes” in controlled respiration tests are determined. The “ranges of changes” that have some physiological determinants and allow characterizing the reactivity of heart rate regulation. On the example of a survey of qualified athletes with different levels of functional state of the organism, the characteristic features of distribution of ranges and “ranges of changes” of individual indices of HRV for the high, average and low functional state of an athlete’s body are determined. It is shown that for athletes with a low level of functional state of the FS the following is characteristic: at SR, there is a tendency for “moderate decrease” in the ranges of indicators of TP, VLF, “moderate” and “expressive” increase of the ranks of LF indicator, the normative values of HF; at CR6, the “ranges of changes” of TP, LF are mainly “expected” by reactivity, VLF is mostly “reduced”, and HF significantly varies with the predominance of “expected” reactivity; at CR15, the TP “range of changes” tends to “increased” reactivity, the VLF is mostly “expected” with a slight tendency to “decreased” reactivity, LF significantly varies with the predominance of “expected” reactivity, HF is of “increased” reactivity.